Sentence Analysis In Russian Inserting Missing Letters And Punctuation

1. Когда хозяин вышел и унёс с собой свет, опять наступили потёмки (Чехов).

Hey guys! Let's dive into this sentence by Chekhov. The sentence is a complex one, and to understand it fully, we need to break it down.

«Когда хозяин вышел и унёс с собой свет, опять наступили потёмки». The first thing we notice is the word «Когда» (When), which immediately tells us that we're dealing with a time-related clause. This is a key indicator that we're looking at a subordinate clause of time. These clauses tell us when something happened in relation to the main action.

Now, let's dissect the sentence structure. We have two main parts: the subordinate clause (the part starting with «Когда») and the main clause. The subordinate clause is «Когда хозяин вышел и унёс с собой свет» (When the owner went out and took the light with him). This part sets the stage and provides the timing context for the main event.

The main clause is «опять наступили потёмки» (darkness fell again). This is the core event of the sentence. It tells us what happened when the owner left with the light. The comma before «опять» is crucial because it separates the subordinate clause from the main clause. Without it, the sentence would be a grammatical mess!

So, what's happening here? Chekhov is painting a picture of a scene where the owner of a place leaves, taking the light source with him, and as a result, darkness descends. It's a simple yet vivid depiction. The subordinate clause of time gives us the exact moment when the darkness occurred – when the owner left.

To make it super clear, the «Когда» clause acts as an adverbial modifier for the main clause. It answers the question «Когда?» (When?) in relation to the main event. This is a classic characteristic of subordinate clauses of time. They provide essential context and timing for the main action of the sentence.

In terms of punctuation, the comma is essential here. It's like a little pause that helps the reader understand the structure and flow of the sentence. Without it, the sentence would feel rushed and confusing. With it, we can clearly see the two parts and their relationship to each other.

In summary, this sentence is a perfect example of a complex sentence with a subordinate clause of time. The word «Когда» is our key indicator, and the structure is clear: subordinate clause + main clause, separated by a comma. It's a simple yet effective way to add depth and context to a narrative.

2. Вдруг Воропаев неясно почу_ствовал, что к нему Discussion category: russkii_yazyk

Alright, let's tackle this sentence: «Вдруг Воропаев неясно почу_ствовал, что к нему...» (Suddenly, Voropaev vaguely felt that to him...). This one's a bit different from the first sentence, but don't worry, we'll break it down step by step.

First off, the phrase «Вдруг Воропаев неясно почу_ствовал» (Suddenly, Voropaev vaguely felt) sets the scene. We know that something happened suddenly, and Voropaev had a vague feeling. This is our main clause, the core part of the sentence that tells us what's going on. Now, the crucial word here is «что» (that). This word is a big clue that we're dealing with a subordinate clause, but what kind?

The subordinate clause is «что к нему...» (that to him...). Notice that the sentence is incomplete. This is a common trick in writing to create suspense or leave the reader hanging. However, grammatically, we can still identify the type of clause. The «что» here introduces a clause that explains what Voropaev felt. So, we're looking at a subordinate clause of explanation, also known as a complement clause or subordinate clause of object.

These clauses function like a noun in the main clause. They answer the question «Что?» (What?) in relation to the verb in the main clause. In this case, Voropaev felt what? That's what the subordinate clause is going to tell us (if the sentence were complete!). Think of it like this: the subordinate clause is filling in the blank for the feeling that Voropaev experienced.

The punctuation here is also important. The comma before «что» separates the main clause from the subordinate clause. This is standard practice in Russian for complex sentences where a subordinate clause follows the main clause. Without the comma, the sentence would feel like a run-on, and it would be harder to understand the relationship between the two parts.

Now, let's talk about the feeling itself. The word «неясно» (vaguely) tells us that Voropaev's feeling wasn't clear or distinct. This adds a layer of mystery and intrigue to the sentence. What could he have felt? The incomplete nature of the sentence only heightens the suspense.

So, to recap, this sentence is a complex one with a main clause and a subordinate clause of explanation. The word «что» is our key indicator, and the subordinate clause acts like a noun, explaining what Voropaev felt. The comma is essential for clarity, and the word «неясно» adds to the overall sense of mystery.

Even though the sentence is incomplete, we can still analyze its grammatical structure and understand the function of the subordinate clause. This is a great example of how context and structure can help us make sense of even unfinished sentences.

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